http://197.159.135.214/jspui/handle/123456789/949 Thu, 23 Apr 2026 15:07:48 GMT 2026-04-23T15:07:48Z http://197.159.135.214/jspui/handle/123456789/313 Assessment of the Adaptation Strategies in the Pastoral Community of Velingara Ferlo, Senegal in the Context of Land Dynamic and Drought Diop, Michel Ndiaga Climate, weather events and land dynamics play a major role in pastoral management. This study examines various adaptation strategies used by herders in the Velingara Ferlo area of Senegal in the face of multiple effects of drought and land dynamics of traditional extensive rearing areas. The approach used for this study range from socio-economic survey of 200 households using questionnaires to Focus Group Discussion (FGD) and interview. All these were combined together to determine the effects of drought, agriculture and settlements expansion on pastoralism and adaptation methods used in the area. The long-term mean annual rainfall data of 2002 to 2017 obtained from the National Agency of Civil Aviation and Meteorology, Senegal was used for the computation of Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) for the classification of drought intensity and severity. Analyses of land use and land cover maps were carried out with the use of GIS and remote sensing. Semi-supervised classification techniques were applied to evaluate changes that have taken place over 30 years. Outcome of FGD, demography, number of conflicts and bush fire trends were compared to land dynamic in order to appreciate the adaptation strategies of Pastoralists. The results revealed that, droughts are becoming increasingly severe with it attendant negative impacts on the livelihood of pastoralists while agriculture (crop planting) expansion is taken more grazing land areas. Based on the above, herders have resorted to several adaptation strategies ranging from traditional to modern methods. Traditional adaptation methods include mobility for water and pasture, herd and income diversification while the modern adaptations focus on the creation of pastoral structures, the creation of participatory management structure, reorganizing the land use and the production of biogas from animals’ excreta. The study recommends that the government should develop a comprehensive and total policy that will encourage pastoralism. A Thesis submitted to the West African Science Service Centre on Climate Change and Adapted Land Use and the Université de Lomé, Togo in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science Degree in Climate Change and Human Security Mon, 01 Jan 2018 00:00:00 GMT http://197.159.135.214/jspui/handle/123456789/313 2018-01-01T00:00:00Z http://197.159.135.214/jspui/handle/123456789/214 Potential of Irrigated Crop Water Productivity Mapping to Improving Food and Water Security around Lake Bam, Northwest Burkina Faso Ouattara, Blou Boris Pressure on water resources is increasing worldwide due to constantly growing population. This study aims to develop a spatial model and demonstrate its utility for water productivity mapping (WPM) in a smallholder informal irrigation system around Lake Bam (Burkina Faso) with emphasis on tomato. The study involved three major steps leading to WPM: (1) Sentinel-2 (S-2) data were used for crop productivity mapping involving crop classification with random forest algorithm, crop yield modelling with remote sensing (RS) indices, and yield model extrapolation to a larger area; (2) crop water use estimation by multiplying the irrigated surface area by the actual seasonal evapotranspiration developed through the surface energy balance model ‘METRIC’ with Landsat8 (L8) data; and (3) WPM produced by dividing raster layers of the two steps above. An overwhelming 89.46% (769.16 ha) of irrigated tomato area for the season 2016–2017 falls in low WP category of 2.5 kg.m-3 or less. Only 10.5% of the tomato cultivated area had a WP value of 2.5 kg.m-3 or higher. About 82.05% of the tomato area had values lower than 1.63 kg.m-3. The results imply that there is significant scope for increasing WP without having to increase cultivated area or quantity of water utilised. The areas of low WP are spatially pin-pointed and can be used as focus for WP improvements through better land and water management practices. A Thesis submitted to the West African Science Service Center on Climate Change and Adapted Land Use and the Université de Lomé, Togo in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science Degree in Climate Change and Human Security Mon, 01 Jan 2018 00:00:00 GMT http://197.159.135.214/jspui/handle/123456789/214 2018-01-01T00:00:00Z http://197.159.135.214/jspui/handle/123456789/213 Farmers’ Perception on Land Degradation and Local strategies for Land Restoration and Livelihood Improvement in Mopti Region, Mali Sanogo, Nagale dit Mahamadou Land degradation by soil erosion is a socioeconomic and environmental problem facing many developing countries. In order to generate knowledge that supports sound and informed decision making for sustainable land restoration, this thesis examined farmers’ Perception on Land Degradation and Local Strategies for Land Restoration and Livelihood Improvement in Mopti Region, Mali. Study was carried out in two districts Bandiagara and Bankass and used satellite images acquired over 29-year period, census and meteorological data to capture population dynamics and climate impacts on land cover change. Local households were interviewed to understand awareness and impacts of land-degradation, its perceived causes and preferred methods for restoration. Spatial analysis revealed rapid land use change characterized by a high conversion rate of vegetated areas to agricultural land, driven by increased population and changes in farming systems and rainfall. The perceived major causes of land degradation included: accelerated erosion, deforestation, non-adoption of adequate soil conservation measures. This research conclude that policymakers could improve communities’ knowledge such as contour bound line, terracing, cropping along contour, planting grasses in waterways and tree planting. Therefore, those local strategies have to be used in integrated approach for sustainable land management in order to improve livelihood of people. Sustainable land use requires a greater focus on resilient land management system such as agroforestry, soil and water conservation and rational grazing. A Thesis submitted to the West African Science Service Center on Climate Change and Adapted Land Use and the Université de Lomé, Togo in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science Degree in Climate Change and Human Security Mon, 01 Jan 2018 00:00:00 GMT http://197.159.135.214/jspui/handle/123456789/213 2018-01-01T00:00:00Z http://197.159.135.214/jspui/handle/123456789/212 Assessment of Mid-Century Climate Change Impacts in Mono River’s Downstream Inflows Houngue, Nina Rholan In the current context of global climate change and variability, it is important to undertake river flow projection in order to improve watershed management. This is needed to put in place relevant actions in order to improve communities’ security. Hence, this study aims at assessing the impact of the mid-century climate change on Mono River downstream inflows at Athiémé (Benin). The projections from the regional climate model REMO, under the scenarios RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5 were used to force the hydrological model HBV-light. Within the period 2018-2050, temperature will increase and seasonal cycle of rainfall will change throughout the watershed: in the south, the second rainfall peak which normally occurs in September will be extended to October with a higher value; in central and northern parts, there will be late unset of rainfall, shorter rainy season and higher peaks. Consequently, the mean hydrograph will shift rightward, increase in amplitude and the period of high flow will be shortened. Under RCP 4.5, the lowest maximum flow will be recorded in 2031 (116 m3/s) whereas the highest is expected in 2024 (1236 m3/s). Flood prone areas vary between 6.2% to 20.1% of Athieme’s land surface. For RCP 8.5 the lowest maximum flow is projected for 2033 (123 m3/s) and the highest for 2034 (1150 m3/s), with flood prone areas ranging from 6.4% to 19.2%. Thus, it is recommended to undertake thorough risk assessment on one hand, and to account for both high and low flow situations in Mono watershed management strategies. A Thesis submitted to the West African Science Service Center on Climate Change and Adapted Land Use and the Université de Lomé, Togo in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science Degree in Climate Change and Human Security Mon, 01 Jan 2018 00:00:00 GMT http://197.159.135.214/jspui/handle/123456789/212 2018-01-01T00:00:00Z